第104章
一秒记住【笔趣阁小说网】
biquge678.com,更新快,无弹窗!
的,他们财富积累的过程大概率本就不怎么干净,这些人也大多是私欲重、底线低的人。让这样的人大量充斥官场,只会导致官员素质急速滑坡,吏治结构性腐拜。】
【什么?你让这群花钱买官的人为了大汉的富强而奋斗?开什么玩笑?花那么多钱买官,当然是为了十倍百倍的挣回来呀。至于钱从哪里挣?继续向下压榨就行了。在这种环境下,就算偶然有几个心怀理想的官员,估计没几年就会被同化了。不贪乌几笔,你的上司、下属、同僚全都不放心啊,那不得可劲排挤你?这就是劣币驱逐良币。】
刘彻盯着天幕,脸上的愤怒隐去,露出几分沉思来。他自然知道卖官的后果,但等他扫除周遭兵祸,他也自信有能力将权利回收。不过一时权宜之计罢了,后世女子到底见识短了。
【卖实权官位的口子一开,汉武朝的吏治必然是贪腐横行,阶层加速固化,社会矛盾加剧。这种金钱交易还会削弱皇权神圣性和政府公信力。而且买官成为一桩稳赚不赔的买卖后,那些有门路的人会给不相干的人牵线吗?当然不会,好事当然优先想到家族成员、亲朋戚友,因此,有些家族趁机迅速扩张成为必然。】
【我们现在谈到令人深恶痛绝的门阀世家,一般都认为西汉只是萌芽,形成于东汉,在魏晋南北朝时达到巅峰。但我觉得他们的形成应该更早,或者换一种说法,这群极度自私的官僚集团无论批什么皮,儒家也好,士族也罢,本质都是一样的:极端追求个人和家族利益最大化,不惜损害国家利益和百姓利益。而汉武时期卖实权官职,给了这群人迅速成长成一个利益集团的土壤。】
刘彻眯起了眼睛。让这样一个群体威胁皇权,绝非他允许之事,而且他也有收回权利的手段。如果现在只是一个官员站在他面前谏言,他高低得骂对方几句无能,才想不出破局之法。但偏偏天幕来自后世盖棺定论的东西,那么,是哪里失空了?
【除了这该死的卖官鬻爵,西汉的选人制度也是个问题。西汉官员选拔主要以察举制为核心,辅以‘太学养士’‘征辟’‘任子’等多种途径。】
【这个察举制是个什么东西呢?】
刘恒眉毛一挑,察举制,出问题了?
【用我们现在的话翻译就是:推荐制。秦朝就有不完备的察举制,叫‘保举连坐’,你推荐人才可以,但是推荐的人犯错,举荐人也要受罚。这个制度保证了举荐人哪怕推荐自己人,也要受点连带责任。】
刘恒:彻儿时期的察举制,废物上位了?
【公元前134年,刘彻采纳董仲舒建议,下诏令郡国每年举荐孝廉各一人,标志着察举制制度化。说实话,他这个察举制还不如他爷爷那个‘策问’形式呢。汉文帝时期,要求各地举荐‘贤良方正能直言极谏者’,但并非推荐上来就用,而是首创‘策问’形式,要考试的。】
【鉴于西汉时期,纸张还没有发明,没有广开科举的客观条件。汉文帝这个察举加考试结合的选拔人才方式还挺先进的。但是刘彻的举孝廉,明显是开历史倒彻了啊。】
刘彻刚想鄙视许夏:你懂什么。
就听见许夏将他的深层目的剖析出来:【我们普通人能轻易看出来的历史倒彻,刘彻那样的政治强人能看不出来吗?我不这么认为。那么,是什么让他义无反顾的推出举孝廉制度呢?因为罢黜百家、独尊儒术。】
【他刘彻本人就不是一个多么信奉儒学的人,我们现在公认他的治国内核依然是法家,所谓外儒内法是也。但儒家太适合他在发动对匈奴的战争前,用来思想统一,统御万民。而举孝廉,就是推广儒家的配套措施。要让民间迅速接受一种学说,得拿出实实在在的好处,而纯粹的孝和廉,显然是利他的品格。然而人嘛,除了个别圣人,或多或少都是自私的,纯粹利他,对自己没有一点儿好处的品格,没有几个人愿意将其作为自己的行为准则。所以配套就来了:如果一个人孝顺和廉洁,就可以做官了。】
【如果干巴巴的宣传
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